Linaria Miller
Toadflax
Kannusruohot
Foodplants for
Calophasia opalina ,
C. platyptera ,
Falseuncaria degreyana ,
Hippotion celerio ,
Hyles livornica ,
Melitaea arcesia ,
M. deione ,
M. didyma ,
M. didyma occidentalis
500x780 (~74Kb) USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 24.6.2000 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela
600x817 (~48Kb) USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 24.6.2000 (cultivated), Photo © Markku Savela
The exact identification of these species is still unknown,
but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.
Linaria vulgaris Miller
Gulsporre
Common Toadflax
Ramsted
Yellow Toadflax
Yleinen kannusruoho
Keltakannusruoho
Kannusruoho
Butter and Eggs
Sporreblomma
600x867 (~92Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
600x907 (~61Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
700x1050 (~145Kb) Finland, Ab: Turku, near Ylioppilaskylä, 2.7.2004, Photo © Markku Savela
900x1350 (~115Kb) Finland, Ab: Turku, near Ylioppilaskylä, 2.7.2004, Photo © Markku Savela
Foodplant for
Acronicta euphorbiae ,
Amphipyra tragopoginis ,
Autographa gamma ,
Boloria eunomia eunomia ,
Calophasia lunula ,
Charanyca ferruginea ,
Chlosyne gorgone carlota ,
Eteobalea intermediella ,
E. serratella ,
Eupithecia linariata ,
E. satyrata ,
Falseuncaria ruficiliana ,
Pyrrhia umbra ,
Stenoptilia bipunctidactyla
f. hemipeloria De Vries
Linaria vulgaris f. hemipeloria ; [SK] , 513
f. peloria (L.)
Linaria vulgaris f. peloria ; [SK] , 513
Linaria repens (L.) Miller
Strimsporre
Juovakannusruoho
Striped Toadflax
Pale Toadflax
Linaria repens ; [RK] , 379
Foodplant for
Gypsochroa renitidata ,
Perizoma alchemillata
?Linaria striata (Lam.) DC.
Juovikas kannusruoho
Linaria striata ; [SK] , 513
Linaria repens × vulgaris
Linaria repens × vulgaris ; [RK] , 379
Linaria incarnata (Vent.) Sprengel
Tarhakannusruoho
Violsporre
Linaria incarnata ; [RK] , 379
Linaria bipartita ; [SK] , 513
Foodplant as Linaria bipartita for
Pyrrhia umbra
Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller
Brown-leaved Toadflax
Härmäkannusruoho
Jättesporre
Foodplant for
Eteobalea intermediella
Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.
Dalmatian Toadflax
Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.
Linaria dalmatica ; [FPN] , 425
600x905 (~102Kb) USA: on US Route 97, about 1 mile from Blewett Pass (47°20'04N 120°36'21W), Kittitas Co., WA, 18.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela
700x1010 (~68Kb) USA: on US Route 97, about 1 mile from Blewett Pass (47°20'04N 120°36'21W), Kittitas Co., WA, 18.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela
Foodplant for
Eteobalea intermediella
?Linaria minor (L.) Desf.
Pieni kannusruoho
Linaria elatine (L.) Mill.
Keiholehtikannusruoho
Elatinoides elatine (L.) Wettst.
Any relation to Kickxia elatine Dumort?
Linaria spuria (L.) Mill.
Puikealehtinen kannusruoho
Elatinoides spuria (L.) Wettst.
Any relation to Kickxia spuria Dumort?
Linaria cymbalaria (L.) Mill.
Coliseum Ivy
Kenilworth Ivy
Murattilehtinen kannusruoho
Very probably same as Cymbalaria muralis ? Give a note if anyone knows for sure.
Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum.-Courset
Oldfield Toadflax
'Kanadankannusruoho'
Blue Toadflax
Wild Toadflax
var. texana (Scheele) Pennell
Linaria texana (Scheele) Pennell
Linaria canadensis var. texana ; [FPN] , 425
Linaria odora (Bieb.) Fischer
Tuoksukannusruoho
Linaria supina (L.) Chaz.
Prostrate Toadflax
Rentokannusruoho
Linaria maroccana Hooker fil.
Sirkoannusruoho
Annual Toadflax
Linaria munbyana Boiss. & Reuter
Etelänkannusruoho
Linaria amethystea (Lam.) Hoffm. & Link
'Ametistikannusruoho'
8.4.2001 (16)
Some related literature:
[FPN]; Hitchcock & Cronquist, 1998
Flora of the Pacific Northwest (11th edn)
Fl. Pacif. NW
[RK]; Hämet-Ahti, Suominen, Ulvinen & Uotila, 1998
Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland) (Edn 4)
Retkeylykasvio
: 1-656
[SK]; Mela & Cajander, 1906
A. J. Melan Suomen Kasvio (5. painos)
Suomen Kasvio
: 1-763
[GMBOT]; Robinson & Fernald, 1908
A Handbook of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada
Gray's Manual Botany (7th Ed.)
: 10 -926
If you have corrections, comments or
information to add into these pages, just send mail to
Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.