Life Insecta Lepidoptera Ditrysia Papilionoidea Nymphalidae Danainae

• Danaus cleophile (Godart, 1819) Haiti, Cuba, Jamaica. See [maps]

  • Danais cleophile Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 185; TL: [?Haiti]

  • Danaus (Anosia) cleophile; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Danaus) cleophile; [MWB]: 201, pl. 15, f. 89, pl. VII, f. 59; [CoL]
  • Danaus cleophile; [BOW]: pl. 48, f. 12; [NL4A], #13; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

  Larva on Asclepias curassavica [MWB]

• Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758) NA, CA, SA, Canary Islands, Queensland?, New Guinea. See [maps] Black Weined Brown Milkweed Monarch Wanderer Monarch Common Tiger

  • Papilio plexippus Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 471; TL: New York State, Kendall
  • ?ab. bipunctata Dufrane, 1948; Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10): 192
  • ?ab. disjuncta Dufrane, 1948; Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10): 192
  • ?ab. obliterata Dufrane, 1948; Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 17 (10): 192
  • ?Danaida plexippus f. connectens Moulton, 1921; J. fed. Malay. St. Mus. 10 (3): 158, 175

  • Anosia plexippus; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 33
  • Danais plexippus; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 822; [BIR], 69; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia connectens; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus plexippus; [P&N23]
  • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus; [MWB]: 201, pl. 15, f. 90, pl. IX, f. 100, pl. XI, f. 134; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia connectens; [CoL]
  • Danaus plexippus; [H&R], 72; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 98; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 296; [NACL], #4614; [EBW]; [NAB], 711; [BOW]: pl. 12, f. 20; [BAUR], 170; [BCR]: 212, pl. 33; [MRS], 269; [BMAT]: 105, pl. 32, f. 25 (seen once in 1988 in Morocco); [Opler]; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.:; [AfrL]; [NL4A], #17; [Otakar Kudrna]; [MPG] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [MBE] ; [MBE] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA] ; [SVF] ; [Don Herbison-Evans] ; [GALEPS] ; [Mario Maier]

  Misidentified/misapplied:

  • Danais plexippus (= Danaus plexippus megalippe); Beebe, 1923, Zoologica 5 (3): 55
  • Danaus plexippus (= Danaus plexippus megalippe); Linsley & Usinger, 1966, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 33: 157
  • Danaus plexippus (= Danaus plexippus megalippe); Roque, 1998, Noticias de Galápagos 59: 9
  • Danaus plexippus (= Danaus plexippus megalippe); Roque, 1998, Lep. News, 2: 10

  500x360 (~55Kb) upperside Millbridge, Plymouth, UK 13/10/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	357x500 (~50Kb) underside Millbridge, Plymouth, UK 13/10/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	1200x825 (~147Kb) upperside USA: Rest area on I15/I84 (41°28'01"N 112°03'11"W), Box Elder Co., Utah, 17.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela
  800x535 (~64Kb) underside USA: Rest area on I15/I84 (41°28'01"N 112°03'11"W), Box Elder Co., Utah, 17.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	1404x1030 (~137Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 23.6.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny

  Mimiced by Basilarchia archippus.

  Larva on Asclepias curassavica [H&R], Asclepias spp., Matelea [BCR], Apocynum androsaemifolium, Acerates spp., Araujia hortorum, A. sericifera, Asclepias amplexicaulis, A. cordifolia, A. curassavica, A. eriocarpa, A. exaltata, A. fascicularis, A. fruticosa, A. grandiflora, A. humistrata, A. incarnata, A. lanceolatum, A. mexicana, A. nitida, A. nivea, A. phytolaccoides, A. purpurascens, A. rotundifolia, A. rubra, A. semilunata, A. speciosa, A. sullivanti, A. syriaca, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. verticillata, Cynanchum dalhousieae, Ceropegia intermedia, Stephanotis floribunda, Raphistemma pulchellum, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Gomphocarpus arborescens, G. fruticosus, G. physocarpus, Gonolobus laevis, Gonolobus rostratus, Marsednia spp., Matelea reticulata, Oxypetalum coeruleum, Stapelia variegata, S. grandiflora, Ipomoea spp., Euphorbia mauretanica?, Gossypium arboreum?, Citrus spp. [MRS], Asclepias curassavica, A. fruticosa, A. rotundifolia, A. semilunata, Calotropis gigantea, Staphelia grandiflora, S. variegata Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.

  • D. p. plexippus New York, Colorado, Texas, Missouri, ...

    • Papilio misippiformis Menschen, 1781; (unavail.); TL: "India"
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Papilio archippus Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 49 (preocc. Papilio archippus Cramer, [1775]); TL: "S.Amer"
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Danais archippus var. fumosus Hulst, 1886; Ent. Amer. 2 (9): 182; TL: [New York]
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Danais plexippus ab. pulchra Strecker, 1900; Lep. Rhopal. Het., Suppl. 3: 21; TL: Colorado
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Danaus menippe f. americanus Gunder, 1927; Ent. News. 38 (5): 138; TL: Texas
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Danaus menippe f. nivosus Gunder, 1927; (preocc. Godman & Salvin, 1897); TL: Missouri
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • curassavicae Bryk, 1937; (repl. name); TL: "S.Amer"
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • curassavicae (Fabricius, 1938) (Euploea); in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 69 (repl. name, preocc. Bryk, 1937); TL: "S.Amer"
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a
    • Euploea asclepiadis Fabricius, 1938; in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 70 (repl. name); TL: [New York]
      • = ; [NL4A], #17a

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus nivosus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus americanus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus fumosus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus nivosus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus pulchra; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus curassavicae; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus misippiformis; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus plexippus; [NL4A], #17a; [AfrL]; Benyamini, Ugarte, Shapiro, Mielke, Pyrcz & Bálint, 2014, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 63: 18 (list); [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
    • Salatura archippus; Fruhstorfer, 1902, Stettin ent. Ztg 63 (1): 350

    Misidentified/misapplied:

    • Danais archippus (= Danaus plexippus); Haensch, 1909, Gross-Schmett. Erde 5: 113
  • D. p. megalippe (Hübner, [1826]) Nicaragua - Peru, NE.Brazil, Venezuela, French Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, Trinidad, Tobago, Galapagos

    • Anosia megalippe Hübner, [1826]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2: pl. [7], f. 2

    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus megalippe; [EcuL]; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus megalippe; [NL4A], #17c; Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 40, f. 12; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

    Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Sarcostemma angustissima Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 40

  • D. p. leucogyne (Butler, 1884) St. Thomas

    • Anosia leucogyne Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (75): 183; TL: St. Thomas

    • Danaida plexippus leucogyne; Joicey & Talbot, 1925, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16 (96): 637
    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus leucogyne; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus leucogyne; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus leucogyne; [NL4A], #17b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. p. nigrippus (Haensch, 1909) Ecuador

    • plexippus nigrippus (Haensch, 1909) (Danais); Gross-Schmett. Erde 5: 113; TL: "Nicaragua Südlich"

    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus nigrippus; [EcuL]; [P&N23]; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus nigrippus; [NL4A], #17d; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. p. tobagi Clark, 1941 Tobago

    • Danaus plexippus tobagi Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118): 538, pl. 71, f. 3; TL: Scarborough Tobago

    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus tobagi; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus tobagi; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus tobagi; [NL4A], #17f; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. p. portoricensis Clark, 1941 Puerto Rico

    • Danaus plexippus portoricensis Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118): 539, pl. 72, f. 3-4; TL: Ciales, Puerto Rico

    • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus portoricensis; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus portoricensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus plexippus portoricensis; [NL4A], #17e; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
• Danaus erippus (Cramer, [1775]) Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina), Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, S.Peru. See [maps]

  • Papilio erippus Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 4, pl. 3, f. A, B; TL: Brazil [?Rio de Janeiro]
  • Limnas plexippe Hübner, [1812]; (emend.)
  • Anosia menippe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16 (repl. name); TL: Brazil
    • = ; [NL4A], #15
  • Anosia erippe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 16 (emend.)
    • = ; [NL4A], #15
  • synippe (Hübner, 1821) (Anosia); (repl. name); TL: Brazil
    • = ; [NL4A], #15
  • Danais archippus var. brasiliensis Capronnier, 1874; Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 17: 22 (nom. nud.); TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; Santa Catarina
    • = ; [NL4A], #15
  • vulgaris (Larrañaga, 1923) (Papilio); ; TL: Uruguay
    • = ; [NL4A], #15
  • Danais erippus ab. larensis Köhler, 1929; Rev. Soc. Ent. Arg. 2: 311, pl. 1, f. 1; TL: Argentina
    • = ; [NL4A], #15

  • Danaus (Anosia) erippus larensis; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) erippus; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus menippe; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) plexippus; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Danaus) erippus; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 93; [MWB]: 204, pl. 15, f. 91; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus menippe; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus; [P&N23]; [CoL]
  • Danaus erippus; [NL4A], #15; Benyamini, Ugarte, Shapiro, Mielke, Pyrcz & Bálint, 2014, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 63: 18 (list); [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA]

  Larva on Araujia sericifera, A. hortorum, Asclepias curassavica, Morrenia odorata, Oxypetalum coeruleum [MWB]

• Danaus eresimus (Cramer, [1777]) S.Texas, CA - Amazon Basin, West Indies. See [maps] Soldier Tropic Queen

  • Papilio eresimus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 121, pl. 175, f. G, H; TL: Surinam
  • ?eresime (Godart, 1819)

  • Danais eresimus; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
  • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus; [MWB]: 208, pl. 18, f. 108; [EcuL]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Danaus) eresimus; Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2020, Taxonomic Rep. 8 (7): 25; [P&N23]
  • Danaus eresimus; [NACL], #4616; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 12, f. 18; [NAB], 714; [Opler]; [NL4A], #14; [MPG] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

  588x543 (~45Kb) Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

  Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Calotropis procera, Cynanchum undatum, C. unifarium, Spigelia anthelmia [MWB]

  • D. e. eresimus Surinam

    • asclepidea Bryk, 1937; (nom. nud.)
      • = ; [NL4A], #14a
    • asclepidea (Fabricius, 1938) (Euploea); in Bryk, Systema Glossatorum: 72 (repl. name); TL: Surinam
      • = ; [NL4A], #14a

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus asclepidea; [CoL]
    • Danaus eresimus eresimus; [NL4A], #14a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. e. plexaure (Godart, 1819) E.Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, N.Argentina, E.Bolivia

    • Danais plexaure Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 184; TL: Brazil [?Rio de Janeiro]

    • Danaus (Anosia) plexaure; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 93; [MWB]: 208, pl. 18, f. 109; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
    • Danaus eresimus plexaure; [NL4A], #14g; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus plexaure; [BOW]: pl. 12, f. 19 (text only)
    • ?Danaus plexippus plexaure;

    Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Rouliniella fluminensis [MWB]

  • D. e. erginus (Godman & Salvin, 1897) Peru

    • Danais erginus Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2): 241; TL: Peruvia septentrionalis, Payta; Viña
    • Danais gilippus var. icensis Fuchs, 1954; ; TL: Peru
      • = ; [NL4A], #14c

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus erginus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus icensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus eresimus erginus; [NL4A], #14c; Benyamini, Ugarte, Shapiro, Mielke, Pyrcz & Bálint, 2014, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 63: 18 (list); [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. e. dilucida Forbes, 1939 Brazil(Pará)

    • eresimus dilucida Forbes, 1939; Ent. Am. (N.S.) 19: 136; TL: Brazil, Pará

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus dilucida; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus eresimus dilucida; [NL4A], #14b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. e. estevana Talbot, 1943 Venezuela

    • eresimus estevana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 119; TL: Venezuela

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus estevana; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus eresimus estevana; [NL4A], #14d; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. e. montezuma Talbot, 1943 Costa Rica, Panama, Guatemala, Mexico

    • eresimus montezuma Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 120; TL: Mexico, Veracruz
    • nephele Forbes, [1944]; (nom. nud.)
      • = ; [NL4A], #14f
    • Anosia eresimus ares d'Almeida, 1944; Papéis av. dep. zool. S.Paulo 4: 46; TL: [Guatemala]
      • = ; [NL4A], #14f

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus ares; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus montezuma; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Danaus) eresimus montezuma; [P&N23]
    • Danaus eresimus montezuma; [NACL], #4616a; [BCR]: 212, pl. 33; [NL4A], #14f; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

    Larva on Asclepias , Calotropis , Cynanchum , Spigelia [BCR]

  • D. e. tethys Forbes, [1944] Haiti

    • eresimus tethys Forbes, [1944]; J. N.Y. ent. Soc. 51 (4): 301; TL: Haiti

    • Danaus (Anosia) eresimus tethys; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Danaus) eresimus tethys; [P&N23]
    • Danaus eresimus tethys; [NACL], #4616b; [NL4A], #14h; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • ssp. Peru

    • Danaus ; Lamas, MS
    • Danaus eresimus ssp.; [NL4A], #14i

• Danaus ismare (Cramer, [1780]) Moluccas, Celebes. See [maps]

  • Papilio ismare Cramer, [1780]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (23-24): 156, pl. 279, f. E, F; TL: S.Moluccas, Ambon
  • Nasuda celebensis Rothschild, 1892; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 5 (2): 431, pl. 4, f. 4; TL: S.Celebes

  • Danaus (Anosia) ismare; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus celebensis; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Salatura) ismare celebensis; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) ismare; [MWB]: 205, pl. 15, f. 92, pl. 16, f. 93; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus celebensis; [CoL]
  • Danaus ismare; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 17; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist]
  • D. i. ismare Moluccas

    • Danaus ismare ismare; [BAUR], 172 (text)
  • D. i. fulvus Ribbe, 1889 SE.Sulawesi, Bangka I., Bangai group, Talaud, Sangir

    • Danaus ismare var. fulvus Ribbe, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (2): 220; TL: Celebes

    • Danaus (Anosia) ismare fulvus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare fulvus; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220; [CoL]
    • Danaus ismare fulvus; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist]
  • D. i. felicia (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Buru, Obi

    • Danaida ismare felicia Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 185; TL: Obi

    • Danaus (Anosia) ismare felicia; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare felicia; [CoL]
    • Danaus ismare felicia; [BAUR], 172; [iNaturalist]
  • D. i. ismareola (Butler, 1866) Halmahera, Ternate, Bachan?

    • Danais ismareola Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1): 50; TL: Ternate

    • Danaus (Anosia) ismare ismareola; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare ismareola; [CoL]
    • Danaus ismare ismareola; [BAUR], 172 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • D. i. goramica (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Goram I.

    • Danaida ismare goramica Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 185; TL: Goram

    • Danaus (Anosia) ismare goramica; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare goramica; [CoL]
    • Danaus ismare goramica; [BAUR], 172 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • D. i. alba (Morishita, 1981) N.Sulawesi, Sangihe, Talaus

    • ismare alba (Morishita, 1981) (Anosia); Memoirs of the Tsukada Collection, (3): 10

    • Danaus (Anosia) ismare alba; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare alba; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 220; [CoL]
    • Danaus ismare alba; [iNaturalist]
  • ssp. Banggai

    • Danaus (Salatura) ismare ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221
• Danaus genutia (Cramer, [1779]) Afghanistan, Kashmir - China, Australia. See [maps] Indian Monarch Orange Tiger Common Tiger

  • Papilio genutia Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 23, pl. 206, f. C, D; TL: China, Canton
  • Danaus nipalensis Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115): 43; TL: Katmandu, Nepal
  • tuak Pryer & Cator, 1894²
  • Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. uniens Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2): 6
  • Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. bandjira Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2): 7
  • Danais (Salatura) plexippus f. bimana Martin, 1911; Mitt. Münch. Ges. 2 (1-2): 8
  • Danaida plexippus plexippus f. grynion Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 173; TL: S.Annam; Sikkim
  • Salatura plexippus adnana Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 19 (112): 331; TL: Luzon
  • Danaus plexippus plexippus f. albipars Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 126; TL: Sikkim; Burma
  • sumbana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 127; TL: Sumba

  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia adnana; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia grynion; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia nipalensis; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia uniens; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) genutia; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia adnana; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia bandjira; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia bimana; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia grynion; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia nipalensis; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia sumbana; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia tuak; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia uniens; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) genutia; [MWB]: 205, pl. 16, f. 94-96, pl. IX, f. 99; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
  • Danaus genutia; [EBW]; [BHR]; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 5; [BOR], 203; [MRS], 270; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [SVF] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
  • Salatura genutia; Moore, [1880], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 6, pl. 4, f. 2, 2a; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 45, pl. 10, f. 1, 1a-c; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 99
  • Salatura nipalensis; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 48, pl. 10, f. 2, 2a

  986x946 (~113Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  975x756 (~98Kb) upperside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  1011x918 (~109Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Si Racha environs, the Chan-ta-Then River valley at lower reaches, 14th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  Larva on Asclepiadaceae [BHR], Cynanchum lanhsuense, C. formosanum, C. taiwanianum, Metaplexis japonica, Asclepias curassavica, Ceropegia intermedia, Cynanchum dalhousiae, C. liukiuense, Graphistemma pictum, Gymnema spp., Marsdenia tinctoria, M. tomentosa, Pergularia odoratissima, Raphistemma pulchellum, R. lemma, Stephanotis floribunda, Tylophora cissoides, T. tanakae [MRS]

  • D. g. genutia India - China, Ceylon, Andamans, Nicobars, Peninsular Malaya, Thailand, Langkawi, Singapore, Indo-China, Taiwan, Hainan

    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia genutia; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 3
    • Danaus genutia genutia; [BOR], 203; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]
    • Salatura genutia genutia; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4): 64

    874x1006 (~248Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Ratanakiri Province, Ta Veng, the Se San River right bank, 3rd June 2013, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    879x1239 (~270Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Ratanakiri Province, Ta Veng, the Se San River right bank, 3rd June 2013, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    1336x1013 (~234Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Ratanakiri Province, Ta Veng, the Se San River right bank, 3rd June 2013, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    Larva on Raphistemma pulchellum [BMP]

  • D. g. sumatrana (Moore, 1883) W.Sumatra, NE.Sumatra

    • Salatura sumatrana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 242; TL: Sumatra

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia sumatrana; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia sumatrana; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia sumatrana; [BOR], 203; [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. intermedia (Moore, 1883)

    • Salatura intermedia Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 241; TL: Malacca, Singapore

    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia genutia f. intermedius; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 4

    787x641 (~137Kb) ♂ upperside Thailand, Phang Nga Province, a hill at Khao Khuan Kha, 5 km NE Khok Kloi, a primary forest. 23rd February 2009, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    1057x849 (~187Kb) ♂ underside Thailand, Phang Nga Province, a hill at Khao Khuan Kha, 5 km NE Khok Kloi, a primary forest. 23rd February 2009, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    1236x890 (~238Kb) ♂ underside Thailand, Phuket, Kathu Waterfalls, 25th February 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  • D. g. conspicua (Butler, 1866) S.Sulawesi

    • Danais conspicua Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1): 49, pl. 4, f. 2; TL: Celebes

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia conspicua; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia conspicua; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia conspicua; [BOR], 203; [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. niasicus (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Nias

    • Salatura plexippus niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 36; TL: Nias
    • Salatura plexippus niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1900; Stettin ent. Ztg 60 (10-12): 348; TL: Nias

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia niasicus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia niasicus; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia niasicus; [BOR], 203 (note)
  • D. g. intensa (Moore, 1883) Java, Bali, Bawean, Borneo

    • Salatura intensa Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 240; TL: Java

    • Danaida plexippus intensa; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 116
    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia intensa; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia intensa; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia intensa; [BOR], 203 (note); [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. partita (Fruhstorfer, 1897) Lesser Sunda

    • Danais (Salatura) genutia partita Fruhstorfer, 1897; Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2): 119; TL: Sumba

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia partita; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia partita; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia partita; [BOR], 203 (note); [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. leucoglene (C. & R. Felder, 1865) N.Sulawesi

    • Danais leucoglene C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 347, pl. 43, f. 2

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia leucoglene; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia leucoglene; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia leucoglene; [BOR], 203 (note); [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. tychius (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Selajar

    • genutia tychius (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 195

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia tychius; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia tychius; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia tychius; [BOR], 203 (note)
  • D. g. telmissus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Butong I.

    • genutia telmissus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 195

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia telmissus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia telmissus; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia telmissus; [BOR], 203 (note)
  • D. g. wetterensis (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Wetar I., Timor

    • Salatura plexippus wetterensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Wetter I.
    • Salatura plexippus wetterensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 68; TL: Wetter I.

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia wetterensis; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia wetterensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia wetterensis; [BAUR], 170; [iNaturalist]
  • D. g. laratensis (Butler, 1883) Tanimbar I.

    • Salatura laratensis Butler, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883: 367, pl. 38, f. 5; TL: Larat I.

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia laratensis; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia laratensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia laratensis; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. g. kyllene (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Damar I., Kai I.

    • genutia kyllene (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 195 [?]

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia kyllene; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia kyllene; [CoL]
    • Danaus genutia kyllene; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. g. alexis (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914) Northern Territory - NW.Australia

    • Danaida alexis Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914; Butts Australia: 17, f. 3

    • Danaus (Anosia) genutia alexis; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus genutia alexis; [BAUR], 170 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • ssp. Tukangbesi

    • Danaus (Salatura) genutia ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221
• Danaus affinis (Fabricius, 1775) -. See [maps] Black & White Tiger

  • Papilio affinis Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 511, no. 291; TL: Australia
  • Papilio philene Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (32-32): 168, pl. 375, f. A, B; TL: S.Moluccas, Ambon
  • Euploea chionippe Hübner, [1823]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2: pl. [6], f. 1-4; TL: Philippines
  • Danais cecilia Bougainville, 1837; Voy. Theteis 2: 342, pl. 44, f. 1
  • Danais pullata Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1): 47; TL: Dory
  • Danais nubila Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2): 171; TL: Gilolo
  • Danais insolata Butler, 1870; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 5 (29): 360; TL: Solomon Is.
  • Salatura mysolica Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 242; TL: Misol
  • Salatura nigrita Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 243; TL: Australia
  • Danaus vorkeinus Röber, 1886; Corr.-Bl. Ent. Ver. Iris 1 (3): 46, pl. 2, f. 1; TL: Aru
  • Danais (Salatura) litoralis Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2): 164, pl. 2, f. 4; TL: Sumba
  • Salatura plexippus batjana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Batjan
  • Salatura plexippus batjana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 69; TL: Batjan
  • Salatura affinis sangira Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Sangir
  • Salatura affinis sangira Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 69; TL: Sangir
  • Salatura affinis tambora Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Tambora, Sumbawa
  • Salatura affinis tambora Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 70; TL: Sumbawa
  • Salatura philene pseudophilene Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 164; TL: Sorrong, New Guinea
  • Salatura philene woodlarkiana Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 164, 195; TL: Woodlark I.
  • Salatura philene obscura f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 167; TL: Waigiu
  • Salatura philene rubrica Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 167; TL: Palau I.
  • Salatura affinis coriacea Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 168, 200; TL: Alor
  • Danaida philene transfuga Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 193 (nom. nov.); TL: "Batjan" ?
  • Danaida philene philene f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 193; TL: Amboina
  • Danaida philene subnubila Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 193; TL: Ternate
  • Danaida philene oros Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 194; TL: Obi
  • Danaida philene pseudophilene f. luxurians Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 195; TL: Andai
  • Danais affinis taroena van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13): 208
  • Salatura affinis nora Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (116): 157; TL: Kiriwini I., Trobriand group
  • Salatura affinis olga Swinhoe, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (116): 157; TL: New Britain
  • Danaida affinis artenice ab. piepersi Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 (1-2): 78
  • Danaida affinis artenice ab. snelleni Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 (1-2): 78
  • Danaida affinis vandeldeni Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 (1-2): 78; TL: Kangean
  • paradoxa (Röber, 1939) (Danaida); Ent. Rundschau 56 (32): 357; TL: Fiji
  • fuscata Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 127
  • signata (Talbot, 1943) (Danus); Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 128
  • oesypera Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 128
  • kapaura Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 130
  • jimiensis Miller & Miller, 1978; Bull. Allyn Mus. 49: 14

  • Danaida philene obscura f. luxurians; Fruhstorfer, 1907, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 194
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis batjana; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis cecilia; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis chionippe; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis coriacea; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis fuscata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis insolata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis jimiensis; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis kapaura; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis litoralis; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis mysolica; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis nora; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis nubila; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis oesypera; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis olga; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis oros; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis paradoxa; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis philene; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis piepersi; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis pseudophilene; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis pullata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis rubrica; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis sangira; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis signata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis snelleni; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis subnubila; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis tambora; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis transfuga; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis vandeldeni; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis vorkeinus; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis woodlarkiana; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis; [MWB]: 206, pl. 16, f. 97, 98, pl. 17, f. 99-103, pl. VII, f. 53, pl. IX, f. 97, pl. X, f. 132; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
  • Danaus affinis artenice; [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
  • Danaus affinis jimiensis; [iNaturalist]
  • Danaus affinis; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 8-9; [BOR], 204; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.:; [LepIndex] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
  • Danaus philene; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 23

  Larva on Cynanchum carnosum, C. ovalifolium Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts., Ischnostemma selangorica, Tylophora sp., Vincetoxicum carnosum [MWB], Cynanchum , Heterostemma , Ischnostemma , Tylophora , Vincetoxicum Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221

  • D. a. affinis N.Queensland - Richmond River, New South Wales

    • Danaus affinis affinis; [BAUR], 171; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. malayana (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, Nicobars

    • Salatura affinis malayana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 35; TL: Wellesley, Malay Peninsula
    • Salatura affinis malayana Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 70; TL: Malaysia

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis malayana; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis malayanus; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 6-7
    • Danaus affinis malayana; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]
    • Salatura affinis malayana; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4): 64

    620x793 (~117Kb) ♀ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong S suburbs, bush mangroves at Boeng Kayak village, 11th December 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    1160x1012 (~327Kb) ♂ Cambodia, SE suburbs of Koh Kong, trees at a pond, 21st July 2016, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

    Larva on (as malayanus) Ischnostemma selangorica [BMP]

  • D. a. fulgurata (Butler, 1866) Sulawesi, Bangka I., Sangihe (Siao)

    • Danais fulgurata Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (1): 48, pl. 4, f. 1; TL: Celebes

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis fulgurata; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis fulgurata; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. hegesippinus Röber, 1891 Bonerate

    • Danaus affinis var. hegesippinus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 292

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis hegesippinus; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis hegesippinus; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. decentralis (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Sula, Banggai

    • Salatura affinis decentralis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Sula; Bangkai
    • Salatura affinis decentralis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 69; TL: Sula; Bangkai

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis decentralis; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis decentralis; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. taruna (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Sangihe (Sangihe), Kawio

    • Salatura affinis taruna Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Taruna, Talaut I.
    • Salatura affinis taruna Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 69; TL: Taruna, Talaut I.

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis taruna; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis taruna; [BOR], 204; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. affinoides (Fruhstorfer, 1899) Talaud Is.

    • Salatura affinis affinoides Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 35; TL: Talaut I.
    • Salatura affinis affinoides Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 70

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis affinoides; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis affinoides; [BOR], 204; [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. abigar (Eschscholtz, 1821) Philippines

    • Idea abigar Eschscholtz, 1821; in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 209, pl. 7, f. 12a, b
    • ?Danais abigar fulginosa Hagen, 1896; Jahrb. Nass. Nat. 49: 183

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis abigar; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis abigar; [BOR], 204; [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. wentholti (Martin, 1914) Salayra

    • Danais (Salatrua) affinis wentholti Martin, 1914; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 28 (2): 90

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis wentholti; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis wentholti; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. gelanor (Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914) Darnley I.

    • Danaida gelanor Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914; Butts Australia: 17, pl. 1

    • Danaus affinis gelanor; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene gelanor; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. djampeana (van Eecke, 1915) Tanahjampea

    • Danais affinis djampeana van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13): 208; TL: Tanah-Djampea

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis djampeana; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis djampeana; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. albistriga Talbot, 1943 New Caledonia?, Loyalty Is., Lifu, New Hebrides

    • Danaus affinis albistriga Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 129

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis albistriga; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis albistriga; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 297; [BAUR], 171 (text); [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. bipuncta Talbot, 1943 Vitu I, New Britain?

    • affinis bipuncta Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 129

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis bipuncta; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis bipuncta; [BAUR], 171 (text); [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. cometho Godman & Salvin, 1888 Solomon Is.

    • Danais cometho Godman & Salvin, 1888; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1 (2): 90; TL: Solomon Is.

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis cometho; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis cometho; [BAUR], 171 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. galacterion (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Fergusson, Trobriand, West Irian

    • Salatura affinis galacterion Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 167; TL: Fergusson I.
    • Salatura affinis strephon Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 168; TL: "Etnabai", New Guinea

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis galacterion; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis strephon; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis galacterion; [BAUR], 171 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. tualana Talbot, 1943 Kai I., Tanimbar

    • affinis tualana Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 131

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis tualana; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis tualana; [BAUR], 171 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • D. a. aruana (Moore, 1883) Aru

    • Salatura aruana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 243

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis aruana; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis aruana; [BAUR], 171 (text); [LepIndex]; [iNaturalist]
    • Salatura affinis arruana[sic]; Fruhstorfer, 1899, Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 71 (missp.)
  • D. a. leucippus Röber, 1891 Timor, Wetar

    • Danaus affinis var. leucippus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 293

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis leucippus; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis leucippus; [BAUR], 171 (text); [iNaturalist]
  • ?D. a. ferruginea (Butler, 1876) Papua, Yule I.

    • Danais ferruginea Butler, 1876; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 18 (105): 240; TL: New Guinea
    • Salatura philene molyssa Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 165; TL: "Collingwoodbai"

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis ferruginea; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis molyssa; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis ferruginea; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus ferruginea; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 14
    • Danaus philene ferruginea; [BAUR], 170
  • D. a. obscura (Capronnier, 1886) Waigeu, Kapaur, West Irian (Fakfak)

    • Danais philene var. obscura Capronnier, 1886; Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 30: 4; TL: Waigeu

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis obscura; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis obscura; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene obscura; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. subnigra (Joicey & Talbot, 1922) Noemfoor, Biak

    • Danaida mytilene subnigra Joicey & Talbot, 1922; Bull. Hill Mus. 1 (2): 350; TL: Biak, Schouten Is.

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis subnigra; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis subnigra; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene subnigra; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. jobiensis (Grose-Smith, 1894) Jobi, Roon Is.

    • Salatura mytilene jobiensis Grose-Smith, 1894; Novit. zool. 1 (2): 339; TL: Ron
    • Danaida mytilene pittakus Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 196; TL: ?

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis jobiensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis pittakus; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis jobiensis; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene jobiensis; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. mytilene (C. & R. Felder, 1860) West Irian

    • Danais mytilene C. & R. Felder, 1860; Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (8): 232; TL: New Guinea

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis mytilene; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis mytilene; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene mytilene; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • ?D. a. bonguensis (Fruhstorfer, 1899) NE.New Guinea

    • Salatura mytilene bonguensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Bongu
    • Salatura mytilene bonguensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 68; TL: German New Guinea

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis bonguensis; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis bonguensis; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene bonguensis; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. sabrona Talbot, 1943 West Irian

    • affinis sabrona Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 128; TL: New Guinea

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis sabrona; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis sabrona; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene sabrona; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. a. pleistarchus (Fruhstorfer, 1912) Matty Is., New Guinea

    • Danaida philene pleistarchus Fruhstorfer, 1912; Ent. Rundschau 29 (5): 34; TL: Matty I.

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis pleistarchus; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis pleistarchus; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene pleistarchus; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • ?D. a. biseriata (Butler, 1882) New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York

    • Salatura biseriata Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 37; TL: Duke-of-York
    • Danais adustus Godman & Salvin, 1882; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1882: 755; TL: New Ireland

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis adustus; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis biseriata; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis adustus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus affinis biseriata; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene biseriata; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • ?D. a. kiriwina (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Trobriand Is.

    • Salatura mytilene kiriwina Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 165; TL: Kiriwina

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis kiriwina; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis kiriwina; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene kiriwina; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • ?D. a. fergussonia (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Fergusson I.

    • Salatura mytilene fergussonia Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 166, 196; TL: Fergusson I.

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis fergussonia; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis fergussonia; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene fergussonia; [BAUR], 171 (text)
  • ?D. a. decipientis (Strand, 1914) Admiralty Group

    • Danaida mytilene decipientis Strand, 1914; Lepid. Niepeltiana (1): 25; TL: Admiralty Islands

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis decipientis; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis decipientis; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene decipientis; [BAUR], 171 (text)
  • D. a. decipiens (Butler, 1882) Solomon Is.

    • Salatura decipiens Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10 (55): 37; TL: Solomon Islands

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis decipiens; [CoL]
    • Danaus affinis decipiens; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene decipiens; [BAUR], 171 (text)
  • ?D. a. albonotata Howarth, 1962 Somomons (Rennell Is., Bellona Is.)

    • affinis albonotata Howarth, 1962; The Natural History of the Rennell and Bellona Is. (4): 65

    • Danaus affinis albonotata; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus philene albonotata; [BAUR], 171 (text)
  • ssp. Tukangbesi

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221
  • ssp. Kabaena

    • Danaus (Salatura) affinis ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 221
• Danaus melanippus (Cramer, [1777]) Bengal - Burma, Orissa, Assam, Celebes. See [maps] Eastern Common Tiger White Tiger Common Tiger

  • Papilio melanippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 44, pl. 127, f. A, B; TL: [Java]
  • Hestia thoe Hübner, 1816; Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): 15
  • Danaus ismare var. erebus Röber, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 290; TL: Flores
  • Danais (Nasuma) taimanu Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2): 165; TL: Taimanu; Mandas, Sumba
  • Danais fruhstorferi Röber, 1897; Ent. Nachr. 23 (7): 100; TL: Toli-Toli
  • Salatura melanippus malossona Fruhstorfer, 1899; Soc. Ent. 14 (5): 34; TL: Molosso nr. Toli-Toli
  • Salatura melanippus malossona Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 68; TL: Toli-Toli, N.Celebes
  • Danaida lotis f. philozigetes Fruhstorfer, 1907; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 19 (4): 187 (nom. nov.); TL: Mindanao, Sarangani
  • mezentius (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Danaida); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 197
  • insularis (Moulton, 1921) (Danaida); J. fed. Malay. St. Mus. 10 (3): 176
  • albescens (Röber, 1927) (Danaida); Int. ent. Zs. 21 (13): 98; TL: Palawan
  • camorta (Evans, 1932) (Danais); Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): 32; TL: Nikobars

  • Danais melanippus; [BIR], 69
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus albescens; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus camorta; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus insularis; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus malossona; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus mezentius; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus philozigetes; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus taimanu; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus albescens; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus camorta; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus erebus; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus fruhstorferi; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus insularis; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus malossona; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus mezentius; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus philozigetes; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus taimanu; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus thoe; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus; [MWB]: 207, pl. 17, f. 104, pl. 18, f. 105-107, pl. IX, f. 89, pl. X, f. 116; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [CoL]
  • Danaus melanippus thoe; [iNaturalist]
  • Danaus melanippus; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 21-22; [BOR], 202; [MRS], 271; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]

  Larva on Ageratum conyzoides, Wedelia biflora, Lantana spp. [MRS], Gymnema , Tylophora Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222

  • D. m. melanippus Java

    • Danaus melanippus melanippus; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. hegesippus (Cramer, [1777]) Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Bangka, Belitung

    • Papilio hegesippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 128, pl. 180, f. A; TL: Sumatra

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus hegesippus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus hegesippus; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 5; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus hegesippus; [BOR], 202; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]
    • Salatura hegesippus; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 29, pl. 11, f. 1, 1a-b

    848x1046 (~257Kb) ♂ ♀ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, 14 km of ENE Koh Kong, 'Hemicordulia' brook. 4th December 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	935x1216 (~238Kb) ♂ ♀ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, 14 km of ENE Koh Kong, 'Hemicordulia' brook. 4th December 2010, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	876x858 (~235Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, Tatai village at Phum Doung Bridge, 11th March 2017, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
    1199x944 (~319Kb) ♂ Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, Tatai village at Phum Doung Bridge, 11th March 2017, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  • D. m. indicus (Fruhstorfer, 1899) E.India - Thailand, Indo-China

    • Salatura melanippus indicus Fruhstorfer, 1899; Berl. ent. Zs. 44 (1/2): 75 (nom. nov.); TL: W.Burma

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus indicus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus indicus; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus indicus; [BOR], 202
    • Salatura melanippus indicus; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4): 64
  • D. m. lotina (Fruhstorfer, 1904) Natuna Is.

    • Salatura melanippus hegesippus ab. lotina Fruhstorfer, 1904; Berl. ent. Zs. 49 (1/2): 186; TL: Natuna Is.

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus lotina; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus lotina; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus lotina; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. haruhasa Doherty, 1891 Sumbawa - Alor

    • Danais (Nasuma) haruhasa Doherty, 1891; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (2): 165; TL: Sambawa, 1000-2500ft

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus haruhasa; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus haruhasa; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus haruhasa; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. edmondii (Bougainville, 1837) Philippines

    • Danais edmondii Bougainville, 1837; Voy. Theteis 2: 344, pl. 44, f. 3; TL: Philippines

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus edmondii; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus edmondii; [CoL]
    • Danaus lotis edmondi; Murayama, 1957
    • Danaus melanippus edmondii; [BOR], 202; [iNaturalist]
  • D. m. celebensis (Staudinger, 1889) N.Sulawesi

    • Danais (Anosia) lotis var. celebensis Staudinger, 1889; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1): 28; TL: Celebes

    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus celebensis; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222
    • Danaus melanippus celebensis; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. meridionigra Martin, [1914] C.Sulawesi

    • Danais (Salatura) lotis meridionigra Martin, [1914]; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (4): 154; TL: Celebes

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus meridionigra; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus meridionigra; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [CoL]
  • D. m. kotoshonis Matsumura, 1929 Taiwan

    • Danais ismare kotoshonis Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3): 91; TL: Formosa

    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus kotoshonis; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus kotoshonis; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. edwardi (van Eecke, 1914) Simeulue

    • Danais melanippus var.? edwardi van Eecke, 1914; Notes Leyden Mus. 36: 51; TL: Sibigo, Simalur

    • Danais melanippus edwardi; van Eecke, 1914, Notes Leyden Mus. 36: 222, pl. 4, f. 2
    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus edwardi; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus edwardi; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus edwardi; [BOR], 202
  • D. m. keteus (Hagen, 1898) Mentawai

    • Danais (Salatura) keteus Hagen, 1898; Ent. Nachr. 24 (13): 194; TL: Mentawej
    • Salatura keteus Hagen, 1902; Abh. Senckenb. Nat. Ges. 20: 323, pl. 1, f. 3; TL: Mentawej

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus keteus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus keteus; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus keteus; [BOR], 202; [iNaturalist]
  • D. m. nesippus (Felder, 1862) Nicobars

    • Danais nesippus Felder, 1862; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 12 (1/2): 486; TL: Nicobars

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus nesippus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus nesippus; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus nesippus; [BOR], 202
    • Salatura nesippus; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 50, pl. 11, f. 2, 2a-b
  • D. m. umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906 Pualu Tello

    • Danais plexippus umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent Zs. 20 (15): 98; TL: Batu I.
    • Danais plexippus umbrosus Fruhstorfer, 1906; Ent. Zs. 20 (21): 145; TL: Batu I.

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus umbrosus; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus umbrosus; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus umbrosus; [BOR], 203
  • D. m. eurydice (Butler, 1884) Nias

    • Salatura eurydice Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (73): 58; TL: Nias

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus eurydice; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus eurydice; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus eurydice; [BOR], 203
  • D. m. pietersi (Doherty, 1891) Enggano

    • melanippus pietersi (Doherty, 1891) (Danais); J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 60 Pt.II (1): 23, pl. 1, f. 1; TL: Engano

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus pietersii; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus pietersii; [CoL]
    • Danaus melanippus pietersi; [BOR], 203
  • D. m. lotis (Cramer, [1779]) Borneo - Philippines

    • Papilio lotis Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 65, pl. 230, f. D, E (preocc. Papilio lotis Sulzer, 1776)

    • Danaus (Anosia) melanippus lotis; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus (Salatura) melanippus lotis; [CoL]
    • Danaus lotis; [BOW]: pl. 153, f. 20
    • Danaus melanippus lotis; [MRS], 271; [iNaturalist]

• Danaus gilippus (Cramer, [1775]) S.California, Kansas, Texas, Florida, NA.Georgia, CA, SA. See [maps] Queen

  • Papilio gilippus Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 41, pl. 26, f. E, F [?C, D; TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

  • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus; [MWB]: 208, pl. 18, f. 110, pl. 19, f. 111, pl. VII, f. 58; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
  • Danaus gilippus hemippus; [iNaturalist]
  • Danaus gilippus; [NACL], #4615; [EBW]; [NL4A], #16; [BOW]: pl. 12, f. 19; [NAB], 713; [Opler]; [NL4A], #16; [MPG] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA] ; [GALEPS]
  • Danaus plexippus × gilippus; [iNaturalist]

  Misidentified/misapplied:

  • Danaus gilippus (= Danaus gilippus thersippus); Parkin, Parkin, Ewing & Ford, 1972, Pan-Pacific Ent. 48 (2): 103
  • Danaus gilippus (= Danaus gilippus thersippus); Linsley, 1977, Occ. Pap. Cal. Acad. Sci. 125: 29

  552x562 (~40Kb) ♂ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

  1000x770 (~73Kb) larva USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia, "Butterlfy garden", Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

  Larva on Nerium sp., Asclepias amplexicaulis, A. curassavica, Asclepias erosa, A. humistrata, A. incarnata, A. nivea?, A. tuberosa rolfsii, Calotropis procera, Funastrum lineare heterophyllum, Gonolobus sp., Ibatia quinquelobata, Oxypetalum sp., Philibertia heterophylla, P. linearis, Sarcostemma sp., S. cynanchoides hartwegii?, S. hirtellum, Stapelia sp., Vincetoxicum sp. [MWB]

  • D. g. gilippus Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, ...)

    • Anosia vincedoxici Hübner, [1816]; (repl. name); TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
      • = ; [NL4A], #16a
    • Limnas vincetoxici Hübner, [1816]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: 1, pl. [23]; TL: [Brazil]
      • = ; [NL4A], #16a
    • manuja (Eschscholtz, 1821) (Idea); in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 209; TL: Brazil
      • = ; [NL4A], #16a

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus gilippus; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 93
    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus vincedoxici; [CoL]
    • Danaus gilippus gilippus; [NL4A], #16a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. berenice (Cramer, [1779])

    • Papilio berenice Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): pl. 205, f. E; TL: "Jamaica"

    • Anosia berenice; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 33
    • Danais berenice; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 3; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus berenice; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus berenice; Joicey & Talbot, 1925, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16 (96): 641
    • Danaus gilippus berenice; [NACL], #4615a; [NL4A], #16b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. cleothera (Godart, 1819) Dominican Republic

    • Danais cleothera Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 185; TL: "Timor"
    • Danais kaempfferi Hall, 1925; ; TL: Dominican Republic
      • = ; [NL4A], #16d

    • Danais cleothera; Godman & Salvin, [1879], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 3; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 638
    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus cleothera; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus cleothera; [EBW], (name only)
    • Danaus gilippus cleothera; [NL4A], #16d; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. xanthippus (C. & R. Felder, 1860) Venezuela

    • Danais xanthippus C. & R. Felder, 1860; Wien. ent. Monats. 4 (4): 100; TL: "Brasil"
    • Danaida hermippus centralis Joicey & Talbot, 1925; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 16 (96): 641; TL: Venezuela
      • = ; [NL4A], #16j

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus xanthippus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus gilippus xanthippus; [NL4A], #16j; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. thersippus (Bates, 1863) S.USA, Mexico - Panama, Guatemala, Galapagos

    • Danais thersippus Bates, 1863; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1863: 243; TL: Panama
    • Danais strigosa Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (2): 32; TL: Guatemala
      • = ; [NL4A], #16h
    • Danais berenice var. esperanza Hoffmann, 1924; ; TL: Mexico,Veracruz
      • = ; [NL4A], #16h
    • Danaus berenice ab. kerri Comstock, 1925; Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci. 24 (1): 3; TL: California
      • = ; [NL4A], #16h
    • Anosia berenice f. gilippina Hoffmann, 1940; Ann. Inst. Biol. Mex. 11: 277; TL: Mexico, Colima
      • = ; [NL4A], #16h

    • Anosia berenice strigosa; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 33
    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus esperanza; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus thersippus; [P&N23]
    • Danaus gilippus strigosus; [NACL], #4615b
    • Danaus gilippus thersippus; [BCR]: 212, pl. 33; Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 38, f. 11; [NL4A], #16h; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

    1000x1386 (~208Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

    1000x1300 (~208Kb) underside USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 2.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

    Larva on Asclepias , Sarcostemma [BCR], Sarcostemma angustissima, Asclepias curassavica Roque-Albelo, 2004, J. Lep. Soc. 58 (1): 38

  • D. g. jamaicensis (Bates, 1864) Jamaica

    • Danais jamaicensis Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (2): 33; TL: Jamaica

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus jamaicensis; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus gilippus jamaicensis; [NL4A], #16f; [BOA]
  • D. g. hermippus (C. & R. Felder, 1865) Colombia

    • Danais hermippus C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 348; TL: Colombia
    • Danais hermippus Butler, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2): 171 (preocc. C. & R. Felder, 1865); TL: Colombia
      • = ; [NL4A], #16e

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus hermippus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus gilippus hermippus; [NL4A], #16e; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. nivosus (Godman & Salvin, 1897) Peru

    • Danais nivosus Godman & Salvin, 1897; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1897 (2): 241; TL: Peruvia septentrionalis, Viña; Cormille

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus nivosus; [EcuL]
    • Danaus gilippus nivosus; [NL4A], #16g; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. candidus Clark, 1941 Peru

    • Danaus candidus Clark, 1941; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 90 (3118): 541, pl. 72, f. 1-2; TL: near Cuzco, Peru
    • Danaus ? gilippus var. rödingeri Fuchs, 1954; ; TL: Peru
      • = ; [NL4A], #16c

    • Danaus gilippus candidus; [NL4A], #16c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • D. g. wheeleri Talbot, 1943 Colombia

    • gilippus wheeleri Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 119; TL: "Interior of Colombia"

    • Danaus (Anosia) gilippus wheeleri; [EcuL]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus gilippus wheeleri; [NL4A], #16i; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
  • ssp. Grenada

    • Danaus ; Lamas, MS
    • Danaus gilippus ssp.; [NL4A], #16k
• Danaus × yuchingkini (Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963)

  • Salatura yuchingkini Murayama & Shimonoya, 1963; Tyô to Ga 13 (3): 51, f. 6, 9; TL: Poli, Formosa

  • Danaus chrysippus × genutia; Kurosawa, 1973, Tyô to Ga 23 (3&4): (99-102)
• Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758) Africa, Arabia, Tropical Asia, AU, Canary Islands, India, Ceylon, Burma. See [maps] Lesser Wanderer Plain Tiger African Queen Common Tiger

  • Papilio chrysippus Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 471, f. 81; TL: China, Canton (or Egypt?)
  • Papilio asclepiadis Gagliardi, 1811; Atti Inst. Incorr. Napol. 1: 155, pl. 1
  • Limnas bowringi Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 239; TL: Hong Kong
  • Danais chrysippus var. vigelii Heylaerts, 1884; Bull. Soc. ent. Belg. 28: xcix
  • Danais clarippus Weymer, 1884; Ent. Nachr. 10 (17): 257
  • Limnas klugii Butler, [1886]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1885 (4): 758; TL: Somaliland
  • Danais dorippus ab. albinus Lanz, 1896; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 9 (1): 130; TL: Parumbira
  • Danaida dorippus ab. infumata Aurivillius, 1898; K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 31 (5): 33 (nom. nov.); TL: "Nubien"
  • Salatura chrysippus kanariensis Fruhstorfer, 1899; Stettin ent. Ztg 59 (10-12): 412; TL: Canary Is.
  • Danaus dorippus ab. transiens Suffert, 1900; Berl. Ent. Zs. 45: 116
  • Danaida chrysippus ab. chrysippellus Strand, 1909; Archiv Naturg. 75 (1): 375; TL: Cameroon, Barombi-Station
  • ?Danais chrysippus auriflava van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13): 205
  • Danaida dorippus ab. semialbinus Strand, 1910; Soc. Ent. 25 (2): 5; TL: Usambara
  • Danais chrysippus rubra van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13): 205; TL: Nicobars
  • Danais chrysippus fuscippus van Eecke, 1915; Zool. Meded. 1 (13): 206; TL: Sunda I.
  • Danais chrysippus ab. axantha Hayward, 1922; Entomologist 55: 178; TL: nr. Aswan, Egypt
  • Danais chrysippus ab. candidata Hayward, 1922; Entomologist 55: 179; TL: nr. Aswan, Egypt
  • praealbata (Froreich, 1928) (Danaida); Soc. Ent. 43: 39
  • Danais chrysippus f. limbata Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3): 91; TL: Formosa
  • Danais chrysippus f. subpurpurea Matsumura, 1929; Insecta Matsumurana 3 (2/3): 91; TL: Formosa
  • liboria (Hulstaert, 1931) (Danaida); Genera Insectorum 193: 193
  • Danais chrysippus ab. pseudopetilea Kalis, 1933; Tijdschr. Ent. 76 (1-2): 54; TL: Kangean
  • Danaus chrysippus chrysippus f. amplifascia Talbot, 1943; Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 93 (1): 122; TL: India; S.China; Tonkin
  • joannisi Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 49
  • ornata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 49
  • luxurians Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 49
  • hanoiensis Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 49
  • subreducta Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • ab. bipunctana Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • reducta Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • radiata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • impunctata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • duponti Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • duplicata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • deficiens Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • completa Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • bipunctata Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • anomala Dufrane, 1948; Misc. ent. 45: 50
  • evanescens Storace, 1949; Ann. Mus. Civ. Nat. Giacomo Doria 64: 20
  • lemeemagdalenae (Lemée, 1950) (Danais); Contr. Lép. Haut-Tonkin & Saigon: 6
  • witteellus Overlaet, 1955; Miss. de Witte 27: 7
  • hypermnestra Stoneham, 1958; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (71): 1

  • Danais chrysippus; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 822; [BIR], 69
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus albinus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus amplifascia; [LepIndex]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus auriflava; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus axantha; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus bowringi; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus candidata; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus clarippus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus fuscippus; [LepIndex]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus hypermnestra; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus infumata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus joannisi; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus kanariensis; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus liboria; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus limbata; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus praealbata; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus pseudopetilea; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus rubra; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus semialbinus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus subpurpurea; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus transiens; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus vigelii; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus; [MWB]: 209, pl. 19, f. 112-115, pl. IX, f. 98, pl. X, f. 115, 133, pl. XI, f. 150, 152; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Danaus) plexippus bipunctata; [CoL]
  • Danaus (Salatura) affinis luxurians; [CoL]
  • Danaus chrysippus chrysippus; [BK], 256, pl. 27, f. 385
  • Danaus chrysippus; [H&R], 72; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 198, f. 7; [PBSA]; [BOR], 202; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.:; [MRS], 270; [BRU2]: 10, pl. 1, f. 5-6; [AfrL]; [Otakar Kudrna]; Korb & Bolshakov, 2011, Eversmannia Suppl. 2: 28; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [MBE] ; [MBE] ; [Don Herbison-Evans] ; [Mario Maier]
  • Danaus infumatus; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
  • Limnas chrysippus; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 36, pl. 8, f. 1, 1a-e; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 98
  • Limnas klugii; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 42, pl. 9, f. 1, 1a
  • Salatura chrysippus; Moore, [1880], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (1): 7, pl. 3, f. 1a-b

  870x597 (~35Kb) ♂ ♀ underside Yona, Okinawa, Ryukyus, Japan, 9-90, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt	600x435 (~32Kb) underside Morocco, Taroudannt, Souss, Photo © Michel Tarrier	600x435 (~33Kb) upperside Morocco, Taroudannt, Souss, Photo © Michel Tarrier
  769x513 (~64Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	769x513 (~87Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	769x514 (~96Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko
  816x612 (~51Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, at the lake at Bang Phra. 1st February 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1074x1413 (~275Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Preah Vihear Province, Chey San District, Thmea Commune, Phneak Roluek village, 20th June 2018, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1086x785 (~226Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Preah Vihear Province, Chey San District, Thmea Commune, Phneak Roluek village, 20th June 2018, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

  Mimiced by Hypolimnas misippus. [BIR]

  Larva on Asclepias [H&R], Gomphocarpus , Ceropegia , Stapelia , Huernia [PBSA], Asclepias curassavica, A. fruticosa, A. rotundifolia, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Cynanchum carnosum, C. floribundum, Marsdenia australis, Pentatropis atropurpurea, P. quinquepartita, Staphelia grandiflora, S. variegata Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts., Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera, Asclepias curassavica, Asclepias spp., Caralluma spp., Ceropegia spp., Cynanchum abyssinicum, C. spp., Gomphocarpus fruticosus, G. spp., Huernia spp., Ishchnochardtia australis, Kanahia glaberrima, K. spp., Leichardtia spp., Leptadenia hastata, Marsdenia leichardtiana, Pentatropis atropurpurea, P. spp., Pergularia daemia, P. extensa, Pleurostelma cernuum, Raphistemma pulchellum, Schizoglossum spp., Secamone spp., Stapelia spp., Stathmostelma spp., Tylophora spp., Ipomoea bona-nox, Euphorbia spp., Periploca linarifolia, Dyerophytum indicum, Rosa spp., Erioglossum rubiginosum, Antirrhinum spp. [MRS], Asclepias coarctata, A. fruticosa, A. fulva, A. lineolata, A. reflexa, A. rotundifolia, A. scabrifolia, A. swynnertoni, A. syriaca, Aspidoglossum interruptum, Cynanchum actutum, C. altiscandens, C. amplexicaule, C. floribundum, C. sublanceolatum var. obtusulum, Gomphocarpus kaesneri, G. physocarpa, G. semilunatus, G. stenophyllus, Ischnostemma carnosum, Kanahia laniflora, Leichardtia australis, Leptadenia hastata, Metaplexis japonica, Pachycarpus sp., Pentarrhinum sp., Pentatropis quinquepartita, Pergularia daemia, P. extensa?, Pleurostelma cernuum, Secamone afzelli, S. parviflora, S. platystigma, Stapelia nobilis, Stathmostelma gigantiflorum, S. pedunculatum, Tylophora stenoloba, T. sylvatica [MWB]

  • D. c. chrysippus

    • Papilio aegyptius Schreber, 1759; Novae Species Insectorum: 9, f. 11-12
      • = ; Lushai, Zalucki, Smith, Goulson & Daniels, 2005, Austr. J. Ent. 44 (1): (6-14)
    • Papilio alcippus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): pl. 127, f. E, F; TL: [W.Africa]
    • Limnas alcippoides Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 238, (3): pl. 31, f. 1; TL: India
    • Danaida chrysippus ssp. margarita Röber, 1926; Ent. Mitt. 15 (3/4): 226
    • Euploea dorippus Klug, 1845; in Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys.: pl. 48, f. 1-3

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus aegyptius; [MadL]; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus alcippoides; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus alcippus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus chrysippus; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 1; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus dorippus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus margarita; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus f. alcippoides; [BMP]: 104, pl. 11, f. 2
    • Danaus alcippus; Marshall & de Nicéville, 1883, Butts India Burmah Ceylon 1 (1): 51
    • Danaus chrysippus aegyptius; [BAFR], 152
    • Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. albinus; [BAFR], 152, fig.
    • Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. alcippoides; [BAFR], 152, fig.
    • Danaus chrysippus aegyptius f. dorippus; [BAFR], 152, fig.
    • Danaus chrysippus alcippus; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus chrysippus chrysippus; [BMAT]: 59, pl. 19, f. 1-6; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]
    • Danaus chrysippus dorippus; [iNaturalist]
    • Danaus dorippus dorippus; [AfrL]
    • Danaus dorippus; [AfrL]
    • Limnas alcippoides; Moore, [1890], Lepidoptera Indica 1: 41, pl. 9, f. 2, 2a-c
    • Panlymnas chrysippus chrysippus; Morishita, 1970, Tyô to Ga 21 (3-4): 64

    Larva on Asclepias curassavica, Calotropis gigantea [BMP], Pergularia tomentosa, Cynanchum acutum, Calotropis procera [BMAT]

  • D. c. petilia (Stoll, 1790) Australia, Torres Strait Is.;New Guinea, Louisiades, New Hebrides

    • Papilio petilia Stoll, [1790]; Aanhangsel Werk, Uitl. Kapellen (2-5): pl. 28, f. 3; TL: Coast of Coromandel

    • Danaus chrysippus petilia; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 296; [BAUR], 170
    • Danaus petilia; Lushai, Zalucki, Smith, Goulson & Daniels, 2005, Austr. J. Ent. 44 (1): (6-14); [iNaturalist] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
    • Limnas petilia; Butler, 1900, Mon. Christmas Isl.: 60
  • D. c. cratippus Felder, 1860 Moluccas, Timor - Tanimbar

    • Danais cratippus Felder, 1860; Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 449; TL: Amboina

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus cratippus; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223; [LepIndex]
    • Danaus chrysippus cratippus; [BAUR], 170 (text)
  • D. c. bataviana (Moore, 1883) Java, Lesser Sunda Is., Salyar, Tanahjampea, Kalao, Banggai

    • Limnas bataviana Moore, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883 (2): 238; TL: Java

    • Danaida chrysippus bataviana; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 116
    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus bataviana; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
    • Danaus chrysippus bataviana; [iNaturalist]
  • D. c. gelderi (Snellen, 1891) Sulawesi

    • Danais chrysippus var. gelderi Snellen, 1891; Tijdschr. Ent. 34: 37

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus gelderi; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 222; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
  • D. c. orientis (Aurivillius, 1909)

    • chrysippus orientis (Aurivillius, 1909) (Danaida); in Voeltzkow, Reise in Ostafrika, 2: 310

    • Danaus chrysippus orientis; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]
  • ssp. Tukanbesi

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223
    • chrysippus ssp.; Jurriaanse & Lindemans, 1920
  • ssp. Bonerate

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus spp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223
    • chrysippus ssp.; [MWB]
  • ssp. Togian

    • Danaus (Anosia) chrysippus ssp.; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 223

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