Display Measurements

A Survey of the Components of Display-Measurement Standards

Display-Measurement Round-Robin

Anti-Glare and Reflectivity Measurements on CRTs with Surface Coatings

LCD Viewing-Angle Characteristics Using the Fourier Scope

Fast Analysis of LCD Contrast and Color Coordinates vs. Viewing Angle

Analysis of Transient Optical Response of Active-Matrix LCDs

TFT-LCD Simulator Comprising a New Common Electrode Model

A Simulation Method for TV Color Compensation

Accurate Colorimetric Calibration of CRT Monitors

A Survey of the Components of Display-Measurement Standards
E. F. Kelley, G. R. Jones, P. A. Boynton
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
M. D. Grote, D. J. Bechis
National Information Display Laboratory, Princeton, NJ
full paper

Display standardization activities are challenged by the need to address both well-established CRT displays and evolving flat-panel devices. Several display standards will be reviewed and their complementary and inconsistent elements identified.



Display-Measurement Round-Robin
D. J. Bechis, M. D. Grote, D. P. Bortfeld, L. H. Hammer, M. J. Polak
National Information Display Laboratory, Princeton, NJ
E. F. Kelley, G. R. Jones, P. A. Boynton
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
full paper

Display measurement procedures intended for use by other laboratories and by industry for measuring, analyzing, and reporting the performance of display monitors are tested through the round-robin process in preparation for acceptance of the procedures as a standard.



Anti-Glare and Reflectivity Measurements on CRTs with Surface Coatings
R. L. Donofrio
Philips Display Components Co., Ann Arbor, MI
full paper

Visual image distinctness and diffuse reflectivity measurements prove very useful in the process control of high-gloss and tinted anti-glare polymer coatings on CRT faceplates, especially when non-contact measurements are required.



LCD Viewing-Angle Characteristics Using the Fourier Scope
K. Lu, B. E. A. Saleh
Boston University, Boston, MA
full paper

A new measurement instrument, the Fourier scope, is presented as a better alternative for rapid LCD characterization at viewing angles up to +/- 70°.



Fast Analysis of LCD Contrast and Color Coordinates vs. Viewing Angle
T. Leroux, C. Rossignol
Eldim, Caen, France
full paper

A new system measuring contrast and chromaticity vs. viewing angle of LCDs is described. Based on Fourier optics, this approach was shown to have +/- 1°resolution over viewing angles up to +/- 60°.



Analysis of Transient Optical Response of Active-Matrix LCDs
T. Fiske, M. Hack, R. A. Martin, H., Steemers
Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, CA
full paper

An empirical analytical model has been incorporated into a SPICE circuit simulation program to accurately predict the temporal response of an AMLCD. Both pixel voltages and cell optical transmission are predicted for arbitrary input data and scan line voltages.



TFT-LCD Simulator Comprising a New Common Electrode Model
N. Ikeda, S. Nishida, S. Kaneko, Y. Hirai
NEC Corp., Kanagawa, Japan
full paper

An LCD model based on a new common electrode equivalent circuit will be described. This model accurately computes the instantaneous electrode voltage and permits visualization of the resulting image on a CRT.



A Simulation Method for TV Color Compensation
J.-H. Kim, K. Kim
LG Electronics, Inc., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
full paper

An accurate colorimetric model of an analog television receiver and associated display has been developed. This model is used in the development of new color compensation algorithms and in evaluating proposed changes in white-color temperature or color gamut.



Accurate Colorimetric Calibration of CRT Monitors
P. Bodrogi
University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany, and University of Veszprém, Veszprém, Hungary
K. Muray
Institute for Photometry and Radiometry and California State University, Chico, CA
H. Schanda, B. Kránicz
University of Veszprém, Veszprém, Hungary and CIE Central Bureau, Vienna, Austria
full paper

Several models have been proposed for the colorimetric calibration of CRT monitors. These models use different mathematical functions to approximate the relationship between the digital frame buffer values driving a color channel and the phosphor emission of that channel. In this paper an evaluation is presented of colorimetric errors in terms of CIELAB lightness, hue, and chroma deviations caused by insufficient fit of such functions. A simple new function with few parameters minimizing these deviations is introduced. An analysis of the effect of monitor state and screen position on the accuracy of calibration has also been carried out.